quadrature amplitude modulation
Modulation in both amplitude and phase.
\begin{equation}
s_i(t) = \Re\{A_i e^{j\theta_i} g(t) e^{j2\pi f_c t}\}
\end{equation}
Because qam uses both degrees of phase shift keying and pulse amplitude modulation, it is a superset of both.
Energy is \(E_s_i = A_i^2\)
